Download kernel for base
Author: m | 2025-04-24
Download kernel-compute-base packages for openSUSE. kernel-compute-base latest versions: 6.4.0, . kernel-compute-base architectures: x86_64. kernel-compute-base linux packages: rpm
Bases for kernel-based spaces
You are using an out of date browser. It may not display this or other websites correctly.You should upgrade or use an alternative browser. #1 Purpose:Tutorial to describe how to install and configure an OpenVPN client on a rooted Epic 4G Touch. This "how to" assumes you know what OpenVPN is and have a verified working OpenVPN server. Client Requirements:Rooted Epic 4G Touch with either: A kernel with built-in tun support (stock kernel) A kernel with a seperate tun.ko module (Rogue Desperado).Tested Rom/Kernel Combinations:Blazer 1.2 ROM (EG30 Base) with included Kernel : Blazer 1.2 ROM (EG30 Base) with Rogue v1.3.0 "Desperado" Kernel (comes with seperate tun.ko module)Tested Server Configurations:Windows OpenVPN server (Bridged mode UDP). Windows OpenVPN server (Bridged mode TCP). Asus RT-N16 router running DD-WRT v24-sp2 (06/14/11) mega - build 17201 (Bridged mode TCP)Install BusyBox:If you already have BusyBox this step may be unnecessary, if you do have it BusyBox Installer should tell you where. On your device download and install "BusyBox Installer" (by JRummy16): Run the BusyBox Installer and accept the default version (BusyBox v1.19.3) and location (/system/xbin/) Scroll down to the bottom and press the "Install" button. Install OpenVPN Installer:When I first installed OpenVPN I used Freidrich Schäuffelhut's installer which let me connect, however the client never got an IP address from the OpenVPN DHCP server. I had to go through the manual step of opening a terminal window on my device after I connected and typing the command "netcfg tap0 dhcp". This is due to Schäuffelhut's installer putting an OpenVPN binary that's not fully compatible with BusyBox, this can fixed by using Sascha Volkenandt's installer instead. On your device download "OpenVPN Installer" (from Sascha Volkenandt NOT Friedrich Schäuffelhut): Run the installer, keep the default path values (OpenVPN Targe Location: /system/xbin, Busybox Install Path: /system/xbin), unless you have
Kernel for BASE - Kernel Data Recovery
Desktop Ubuntu corresponding to a number of desktop GUI preferences. All of these images are considered 'Classic' Ubuntu because they use debs as their base and may add snaps for specific packages or applications. The Ubuntu Core image is an all-snap edition of Ubuntu. It is unusual in that the base operating system itself is delivered as a snap; that makes it suitable for embedded appliances where all the possible apps that might need to be installed are available as strictly confined snaps. Ubuntu Core is an appliance or embedded oriented edition of Ubuntu, not particularly comfortable for humans but highly reliable and secure for large-scale appliance deployments such as IoT and CPE in the telco world. Canonical maintains multiple kernel packages for each LTS version of Ubuntu, which serve different purposes. Several of the kernel packages address the need for kernels with specific performance priorities, for example, the low-latency kernel package. Others are focused on optimisation for a particular hypervisor, for example, the kernel packages which are named after public clouds. You are recommended to use the detailed Ubuntu kernel guide to select the best Ubuntu kernel for your application. In general, all of the LTS kernel packages will use the same base version of the Linux kernel, for example, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS kernels typically used the 5.4 upstream Linux kernel as a base. Some cloud-specific kernels may use a newer version in order to benefit from improved mechanisms in performance or security that are material to that cloud.Bases for kernel-based spaces - ScienceDirect
You are using an out of date browser. It may not display this or other websites correctly.You should upgrade or use an alternative browser. #1 usage: fastboot [ ] commands: update Reflash device from update.zip. Sets the flashed slot as active. flashall Flash boot, system, vendor, and -- if found -- recovery. If the device supports slots, the slot that has been flashed to is set as active. Secondary images may be flashed to an inactive slot. flash [ ] Write a file to a flash partition. flashing lock Locks the device. Prevents flashing. flashing unlock Unlocks the device. Allows flashing any partition except bootloader-related partitions. flashing lock_critical Prevents flashing bootloader-related partitions. flashing unlock_critical Enables flashing bootloader-related partitions. flashing get_unlock_ability Queries bootloader to see if the device is unlocked. flashing get_unlock_bootloader_nonce Queries the bootloader to get the unlock nonce. flashing unlock_bootloader Issue unlock bootloader using request. flashing lock_bootloader Locks the bootloader to prevent bootloader version rollback. erase Erase a flash partition. format[:[][:[]] Format a flash partition. Can override the fs type and/or size the bootloader reports. getvar Display a bootloader variable. set_active Sets the active slot. If slots are not supported, this does nothing. boot [ [ ] ] Download and boot kernel. flash:raw [ [ ] ] Create bootimage and flash it. devices [-l] List all connected devices [with device paths]. continue Continue with autoboot. reboot [bootloader|emergency] Reboot device [into bootloader or emergency mode]. reboot-bootloader Reboot device into bootloader. oem ... Executes oem specific command. stage Sends contents of to stage for the next command. Supported only on Android Things devices. get_staged Receives data to staged by the last command. Supported only on Android Things devices. help Show this help message.options: -w Erase userdata and cache (and format if supported by partition type). -u Do not erase partition before formatting. -s Specify a device. For USB, provide either a serial number or path to device port. For ethernet, provide an address in the form :[:port] where is either tcp or udp. -c Override kernel commandline. -i Specify a custom USB vendor id. -b, --base Specify a custom kernel base address (default: 0x10000000). --kernel-offset Specify a custom kernel offset. (default: 0x00008000) --ramdisk-offset Specify a custom ramdisk offset. (default: 0x01000000) --tags-offset Specify a custom tags offset. (default: 0x00000100) -n, --page-size Specify the nand page size (default: 2048). -S [K|M|G] Automatically sparse files greater than 'size'. 0 to disable. --slot Specify slot name to be used if the device supports slots. All operations on partitions that support slots will be done on the slot specified. 'all' can be given to refer to all slots. 'other' can be given to refer to a non-current slot. If this flag is not used, slotted partitions. Download kernel-compute-base packages for openSUSE. kernel-compute-base latest versions: 6.4.0, . kernel-compute-base architectures: x86_64. kernel-compute-base linux packages: rpm Initially, kernel-default-base and kernel-default were an 'additive set'. kernel-default was based on top of kernel-default-base and kernel-default did not include the content of kernel-default-base. It was not possible to use kernel-default without also having kernel-default-base installed (this was the case with SUSE Linux Enterprise ServerKernel for Base Download from LisiSoft
Part. This also ensures that you get the full benefit from any hybrid fixes, which as mentioned above require updates in both the kernel and application to function fully.Examples:Application buildKernel buildSupported?5.0.593.0 (AX2009 RTM)5.0.1500.6491 (AX 2009 SP1 RU8)NO (the application build is for RTM, whereas the kernel is for SP1)6.2.1000.4051 (AX2012 R2 CU7)6.2.1000.1437 (AX2012 R2 CU6)YES…but not recommended!(The kernel build is lower than the application build)6.3.164.0 (AX2012 R3 base)6.3.1000.930 (AX2012 R3 latest kernel*)YES (the kernel build is higher than the application build but both are for AX 2012 R3 with no service pack)* True at the time of writing. See Q10 below for ways to find the latest kernel.Q9: Is it supported to have different kernel builds for different AX components in the same environment?NO it is NOT supported. Customers should always apply the kernel fix to every AX component in the same environment. It’s possible that unexpected behaviour could result from a kernel mismatch. In the latest versions of AX, the AOS throws a warning message to the event logs (event 151) if a client tries to connect to it and has a different kernel version.The screenshot below is taken from the AX hotfix installer when applying a kernel fix for AX 2012 R2. It shows a list of all AX components that require updating (NOTE: ignore the checkboxes – only a few AX components were installed on my system, so some of the checkboxes were automatically disabled): Q10: I have found a hotfix for my issue, should I install the specific hotfix referenced by the KB article?Not always – if you are experiencing an issue that has been fixed in the AX kernel then download and install the very latest, kernel hotfix available for your product version and service pack.As mentioned above, kernel hotfixes are cumulative so it normallyTuning Kernel - KVM - Kernel-based Virtual Machine
Compiler Collection (base package)ii gcc-9-arm-linux-gnueabihf 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04cross2 amd64 GNU C compiler (cross compiler for armhf architecture)ii gcc-9-arm-linux-gnueabihf-base:amd64 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04cross2 amd64 GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection (base package)ii gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu 4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2 amd64 GNU C compiler for the arm64 architectureii gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf 4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2 amd64 GNU C compiler for the armhf architectureii linux-base 4.5ubuntu3.7 all Linux image base packageii linux-firmware 1.187.26 all Firmware for Linux kernel driversii linux-generic-hwe-20.04 5.13.0.30.33~20.04.17 amd64 Complete Generic Linux kernel and headersii linux-headers-5.11.0-27-generic 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMPii linux-headers-5.11.0-46-generic 5.11.0-46.51~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMPii linux-headers-5.13.0-28-generic 5.13.0-28.31~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMPii linux-headers-5.13.0-30-generic 5.13.0-30.33~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMPii linux-headers-5.8.0-63-generic 5.8.0-63.71~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMPii linux-headers-generic-hwe-20.04 5.13.0.30.33~20.04.17 amd64 Generic Linux kernel headersii linux-hwe-5.11-headers-5.11.0-27 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.11.0ii linux-hwe-5.11-headers-5.11.0-46 5.11.0-46.51~20.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.11.0ii linux-hwe-5.13-headers-5.13.0-28 5.13.0-28.31~20.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.13.0ii linux-hwe-5.13-headers-5.13.0-30 5.13.0-30.33~20.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.13.0ii linux-hwe-5.8-headers-5.8.0-63 5.8.0-63.71~20.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.8.0rc linux-image-5.11.0-25-generic 5.11.0-25.27~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericii linux-image-5.11.0-27-generic 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-34-generic 5.11.0-34.36~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-36-generic 5.11.0-36.40~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-37-generic 5.11.0-37.41~20.04.2 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-38-generic 5.11.0-38.42~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-40-generic 5.11.0-40.44~20.04.2 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-41-generic 5.11.0-41.45~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-43-generic 5.11.0-43.47~20.04.2 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-44-generic 5.11.0-44.48~20.04.2 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-46-generic 5.11.0-46.51~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.13.0-27-generic 5.13.0-27.29~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericii linux-image-5.13.0-28-generic 5.13.0-28.31~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericii linux-image-5.13.0-30-generic 5.13.0-30.33~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.8.0-43-generic 5.8.0-43.49~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.8.0-50-generic 5.8.0-50.56~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.8.0-53-generic 5.8.0-53.60~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.8.0-55-generic 5.8.0-55.62~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.8.0-59-generic 5.8.0-59.66~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.8.0-63-generic 5.8.0-63.71~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericii linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04 5.13.0.30.33~20.04.17 amd64 Generic Linux kernel imagerc linux-image-unsigned-5.11.1-051101-generic 5.11.1-051101.202103031212Downloads - KVM - Kernel-based Virtual Machine
You will not gonna face this problem ever. So lets feel the performance. For More Click Spoiler (Important) What Does This Tweak Contains? *Graphics Optimizer*CPU Booster*GPU Booster*Battery Booster*Performance Booster *Internet Speed Booster*Kernel Optimizer My Kernel Doesn't Supports init.d How Can I Enable It? It's damn simple! Download an app called "Universal Init.d Enabler". Simply open that app and click on "Enable" tha. Grant root permission. Wait some seconds and hollah Now your Kernel also have init.d support Q. HOW TO ENABLE 400MB vRAM?*Open Universal init.d" app.*Click on "Activate"*Now reboot your phone.*Use your phone 2-3 minutes.*Than again reboot.*After 2-3 Reboots 400MB vRAM will activate.*To check whether the vRAM activated or not open "Disk Info Pro" than go to bottom if can see Swap it means that vRAM activated.If not than reboot again.It can take some more reboots depends on your phone but it will activate for sure.Q. HOW TO REMOVE vRAM?*Open any root explorer.*Go to System>etc>init.d*Delete these files 11pdbdata, 12pdbcache, 13pdbsystem*Than reboot.*Again open any root explorer app.* Search for swap.img and you will find 3 swap.img files.Delete all 3 files and Reboot.*Hollaah you have successfully remove vRAM!I don't want this tweak anymore! How can I uninstall this?It's very simple! Check downloads section. There you will find uninstaller zip. Download it and simply flash. After Flashing "Uninsatller.zip" Your Phone will take 2-3 minutes to boot. @dark_optimistic (For Developing This Tweak)@Paget96 (For Always Motivating Me, Theme Engine Base Files, x86 Compatbility Help, Guidance & Helping Me In Finding Issues)@devwaseem (For Build.prop tweaks base file & fixing option no. 13, 14 & 15 in PDB Zone)@DiamondBond (For Flag Tuner)@k1ks (For Previous Versions)@Exit_Only (For Previous Versions & Guiding Me) @Jeeko (For Previous Versions)@You (For Using My Tweak)Sorry If I forget anyone. Don't be panic just PM me. @Vivek Hingarajiya@Dhruv Saxena@Harsh Navani@Sai Krishna@Prakash Niraula@Diparth Shah Note:- If you also want to be a tester of ArkayNine Boost Scripts than simply message me. Please Don't Forget To Hit Thanks On This Thread.It took months to Develop this Tweak & Hours to make this thread. So do hit Thanks. It Will Not Cost You But Will Motivate. Download kernel-compute-base packages for openSUSE. kernel-compute-base latest versions: 6.4.0, . kernel-compute-base architectures: x86_64. kernel-compute-base linux packages: rpmComments
You are using an out of date browser. It may not display this or other websites correctly.You should upgrade or use an alternative browser. #1 Purpose:Tutorial to describe how to install and configure an OpenVPN client on a rooted Epic 4G Touch. This "how to" assumes you know what OpenVPN is and have a verified working OpenVPN server. Client Requirements:Rooted Epic 4G Touch with either: A kernel with built-in tun support (stock kernel) A kernel with a seperate tun.ko module (Rogue Desperado).Tested Rom/Kernel Combinations:Blazer 1.2 ROM (EG30 Base) with included Kernel : Blazer 1.2 ROM (EG30 Base) with Rogue v1.3.0 "Desperado" Kernel (comes with seperate tun.ko module)Tested Server Configurations:Windows OpenVPN server (Bridged mode UDP). Windows OpenVPN server (Bridged mode TCP). Asus RT-N16 router running DD-WRT v24-sp2 (06/14/11) mega - build 17201 (Bridged mode TCP)Install BusyBox:If you already have BusyBox this step may be unnecessary, if you do have it BusyBox Installer should tell you where. On your device download and install "BusyBox Installer" (by JRummy16): Run the BusyBox Installer and accept the default version (BusyBox v1.19.3) and location (/system/xbin/) Scroll down to the bottom and press the "Install" button. Install OpenVPN Installer:When I first installed OpenVPN I used Freidrich Schäuffelhut's installer which let me connect, however the client never got an IP address from the OpenVPN DHCP server. I had to go through the manual step of opening a terminal window on my device after I connected and typing the command "netcfg tap0 dhcp". This is due to Schäuffelhut's installer putting an OpenVPN binary that's not fully compatible with BusyBox, this can fixed by using Sascha Volkenandt's installer instead. On your device download "OpenVPN Installer" (from Sascha Volkenandt NOT Friedrich Schäuffelhut): Run the installer, keep the default path values (OpenVPN Targe Location: /system/xbin, Busybox Install Path: /system/xbin), unless you have
2025-04-13Desktop Ubuntu corresponding to a number of desktop GUI preferences. All of these images are considered 'Classic' Ubuntu because they use debs as their base and may add snaps for specific packages or applications. The Ubuntu Core image is an all-snap edition of Ubuntu. It is unusual in that the base operating system itself is delivered as a snap; that makes it suitable for embedded appliances where all the possible apps that might need to be installed are available as strictly confined snaps. Ubuntu Core is an appliance or embedded oriented edition of Ubuntu, not particularly comfortable for humans but highly reliable and secure for large-scale appliance deployments such as IoT and CPE in the telco world. Canonical maintains multiple kernel packages for each LTS version of Ubuntu, which serve different purposes. Several of the kernel packages address the need for kernels with specific performance priorities, for example, the low-latency kernel package. Others are focused on optimisation for a particular hypervisor, for example, the kernel packages which are named after public clouds. You are recommended to use the detailed Ubuntu kernel guide to select the best Ubuntu kernel for your application. In general, all of the LTS kernel packages will use the same base version of the Linux kernel, for example, Ubuntu 20.04 LTS kernels typically used the 5.4 upstream Linux kernel as a base. Some cloud-specific kernels may use a newer version in order to benefit from improved mechanisms in performance or security that are material to that cloud.
2025-04-23Part. This also ensures that you get the full benefit from any hybrid fixes, which as mentioned above require updates in both the kernel and application to function fully.Examples:Application buildKernel buildSupported?5.0.593.0 (AX2009 RTM)5.0.1500.6491 (AX 2009 SP1 RU8)NO (the application build is for RTM, whereas the kernel is for SP1)6.2.1000.4051 (AX2012 R2 CU7)6.2.1000.1437 (AX2012 R2 CU6)YES…but not recommended!(The kernel build is lower than the application build)6.3.164.0 (AX2012 R3 base)6.3.1000.930 (AX2012 R3 latest kernel*)YES (the kernel build is higher than the application build but both are for AX 2012 R3 with no service pack)* True at the time of writing. See Q10 below for ways to find the latest kernel.Q9: Is it supported to have different kernel builds for different AX components in the same environment?NO it is NOT supported. Customers should always apply the kernel fix to every AX component in the same environment. It’s possible that unexpected behaviour could result from a kernel mismatch. In the latest versions of AX, the AOS throws a warning message to the event logs (event 151) if a client tries to connect to it and has a different kernel version.The screenshot below is taken from the AX hotfix installer when applying a kernel fix for AX 2012 R2. It shows a list of all AX components that require updating (NOTE: ignore the checkboxes – only a few AX components were installed on my system, so some of the checkboxes were automatically disabled): Q10: I have found a hotfix for my issue, should I install the specific hotfix referenced by the KB article?Not always – if you are experiencing an issue that has been fixed in the AX kernel then download and install the very latest, kernel hotfix available for your product version and service pack.As mentioned above, kernel hotfixes are cumulative so it normally
2025-04-06Compiler Collection (base package)ii gcc-9-arm-linux-gnueabihf 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04cross2 amd64 GNU C compiler (cross compiler for armhf architecture)ii gcc-9-arm-linux-gnueabihf-base:amd64 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04cross2 amd64 GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection (base package)ii gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu 4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2 amd64 GNU C compiler for the arm64 architectureii gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf 4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2 amd64 GNU C compiler for the armhf architectureii linux-base 4.5ubuntu3.7 all Linux image base packageii linux-firmware 1.187.26 all Firmware for Linux kernel driversii linux-generic-hwe-20.04 5.13.0.30.33~20.04.17 amd64 Complete Generic Linux kernel and headersii linux-headers-5.11.0-27-generic 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMPii linux-headers-5.11.0-46-generic 5.11.0-46.51~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMPii linux-headers-5.13.0-28-generic 5.13.0-28.31~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMPii linux-headers-5.13.0-30-generic 5.13.0-30.33~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMPii linux-headers-5.8.0-63-generic 5.8.0-63.71~20.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMPii linux-headers-generic-hwe-20.04 5.13.0.30.33~20.04.17 amd64 Generic Linux kernel headersii linux-hwe-5.11-headers-5.11.0-27 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.11.0ii linux-hwe-5.11-headers-5.11.0-46 5.11.0-46.51~20.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.11.0ii linux-hwe-5.13-headers-5.13.0-28 5.13.0-28.31~20.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.13.0ii linux-hwe-5.13-headers-5.13.0-30 5.13.0-30.33~20.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.13.0ii linux-hwe-5.8-headers-5.8.0-63 5.8.0-63.71~20.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.8.0rc linux-image-5.11.0-25-generic 5.11.0-25.27~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericii linux-image-5.11.0-27-generic 5.11.0-27.29~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-34-generic 5.11.0-34.36~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-36-generic 5.11.0-36.40~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-37-generic 5.11.0-37.41~20.04.2 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-38-generic 5.11.0-38.42~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-40-generic 5.11.0-40.44~20.04.2 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-41-generic 5.11.0-41.45~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-43-generic 5.11.0-43.47~20.04.2 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-44-generic 5.11.0-44.48~20.04.2 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.11.0-46-generic 5.11.0-46.51~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.13.0-27-generic 5.13.0-27.29~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericii linux-image-5.13.0-28-generic 5.13.0-28.31~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericii linux-image-5.13.0-30-generic 5.13.0-30.33~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.8.0-43-generic 5.8.0-43.49~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.8.0-50-generic 5.8.0-50.56~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.8.0-53-generic 5.8.0-53.60~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.8.0-55-generic 5.8.0-55.62~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.8.0-59-generic 5.8.0-59.66~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericrc linux-image-5.8.0-63-generic 5.8.0-63.71~20.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image genericii linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04 5.13.0.30.33~20.04.17 amd64 Generic Linux kernel imagerc linux-image-unsigned-5.11.1-051101-generic 5.11.1-051101.202103031212
2025-04-13The correct base image is loaded later (this procedure is called “Deferred application”.)The operations that are performed by the engine for applying a patch are described by an array of hotpatch descriptors. A hotpatch descriptor tells the engine what type of patch each record specifies (function patch, global symbol patch, indirect call, CFG call target and so on...). It is composed of a header and one or more hotpatch records. Each record specifies the patch’s parameters that depend on the type of the descriptor, like the source and target function’s RVA, and the original opcodes bytes.The Hotpatch engine is implemented in various parts of the operating system, mostly in the NT and Secure kernel. The engine, as introduced in the previous paragraph, supports different kinds of images: Hypervisor, Secure Kernel and its modules, NT Kernel drivers and User-mode processes. The hotpatch engine requires the Secure Kernel to be running.For applying a patch to an image, the NT kernel takes several steps that start in the MiLoadHotPatch internal function, which temporarily maps the patch image in the system address space and performs the initial analysis with the goal to search and verify the hotpatch information contained in the PE data structures (showed in Figure 1). After the checksum and timestamp of the target image for which the patch has been designed are located, the NT kernel determines whether the corresponding base image is loaded in the system (the base image can also be a secure image, like the Hypervisor or the Secure Kernel, so this step also needs to invoke the secure kernel).When a compatible image is detected, the NT kernel begins to apply the patch to the target base image using a procedure that is a bit different depending on the type of the base image (user-mode library or process, kernel driver or a secure image). In general, the hotpatch engine maps the patch image in the same address space as the base image (as showed in Figure 2): for user-mode patches, the patch image will be mapped in each process that has the base image loaded.Note that the hotpatch engine also supports session drivers. A session driver is a driver that lives in a kernel-mode address space that is tied to the user logon session (note that the session address space is generated by one particular root page table entry, which is switched on demand by the Memory manager depending on the active session). This means that a particular session can have a driver mapped which does not exist in another session. The Hotpatch engine is able to attach to all sessions in the system thanks to the “HotPatch” process created in phase 1 of the NT Kernel initialization. This minimal process has the characteristic to not belong to any session. The hotpatch engine can thus use that process to temporarily attach to any session in the system and perform the patch application only to the sessions where the driver is currently loaded.Figure 2. Various address spaces supported by
2025-04-16The kernel this is IO remapped in kernel space (which will have different address). so if you want to print the values of address (0x44e10620) from userspace you can used dev2mem. Hope this clears your doubts!! Cheers, --Prabhakar Lad Hi,Could you please let me know how the register base address & offset can be printed using printk, the above gives only the suggestions of printing the register contents, Am trying to print the register base addressYou can use "__raw_readl" API to print the contents of register at kernel code or as Prabhakar said, you can use "devmem2" command to see the content of register at user space.You have to add the OFFSET with BASE address of particular USB address to get physical address of that USB register say, status register(connectivity,error status etc.,) Dear Bin Liu,Thanks a lot for all your quick responses & really appreciate the same, I understand from all your suggestions that physical address in kernel cannot be directly printed in kernelSorry for my poor understanding, Is my understanding is correct???Could you please let me know how physical address can be converted & printed interms of logical address in kernel space using printkCould any body please demonstrate for printing logical address (corresponding to physical address) using printkfor example could you show me for: usb_ctrl1 register address using printkKindly do the needful as early as possibleOnce again many thanks in advanceMany Thanks in advance Hi Srini,Tell us which exact USB register do you want to read ?Purpose of reading
2025-03-26